Electrodeposition of Copper in the SPS-PEG-C1 Additive System: I. Kinetic Measurements: Influence of SPS

Published

March 1, 2004

Author(s)

Thomas P. Moffat, Daniel Wheeler, Daniel Josell

Abstract

The kinetics of copper electrodeposition from an acidified cupric sulfate electrolyte containing SPS-PEG-C1 were examined. Voltammetric and chronoamperometric experiments reveal a completition between a PEG-C1-Cu+ to form a passivating film that inhibits the metal deposition rate by two orders of magnitude. Subsequent adsorption of short chain disulfide or thiol molecules with a sulfonate-end group(s) leads to the disruption and/or displacement of the passivating surface complex and acceleration of the metal deposition rate. The effect of submonolayer quantities of catalyst largely remains segregated on the growth surface. Multicycle voltammetry reveals a significant potential dependence for SPS adsorption as well as its subsequent deactivation. Catalyst deactivation, or consumption, was examined by monitoring the quenching of the metal deposition rate occuring on SPS-derivatized electrodes in a SPS-free electrolyte. Catalyst consumption s a higher order process in terms of its coverage dependence and a maximum deactivation rate is observed near an overpotential of 0.1 V. Derivatization experiments are shown to be particularly effective in revealing the influence of molecular functionality in additive electroplating. Specifically, the charged sulfonate end group is shown to be central to effective catalysis.

Citation

Journal of the Electrochemical Society

Volume

151

Issue

No. 4

Pub Type

Journals

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Keywords

copper, derivatization, electrodeposition, passivating, voltammetric

Citation

Moffat, T. , Wheeler, D. and Josell, D. (2004), Electrodeposition of Copper in the SPS-PEG-C1 Additive System: I. Kinetic Measurements: Influence of SPS, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=853265 (Accessed April 18, 2024)