Compressed gate characterization for quantum devices with time-correlated noise

Published

July 22, 2023

Author(s)

Michael Gullans, Miguel Caranti, Adam Mills, Jason Petta

Abstract

As quantum devices make steady progress towards intermediate scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is essential to develop rigorous and efficient measurement protocols that account for known sources of noise in each architecture. Most existing quantum characterization protocols such as gate-set tomography and randomized benchmarking assume the noise acting on the qubits is Markovian. However, this assumption is often not valid, as for the case of 1/f charge noise or hyperfine nuclear spin noise. Here, we present a general framework for quantum process tomogra- phy in the presence of time-correlated noise in the process tensors. We further introduce fidelity benchmarks that quantify the relative strength of different sources of Markovian and non-Markovian noise. As an application of our method, we perform a comparative theoretical and experimental analysis of silicon spin qubits, which leads to a number of results of independent interest for this platform. We first develop a detailed noise model that accounts for the dominant sources of noise and validate the model against experimental data. Applying our framework for time-correlated QPT, we find that the number of independent parameters needed to characterize one and two- qubit gates can be compressed by 10x and 100x, respectively, when compared to the fully generic case. These compressions reduce the amount of tomographic measurements needed in experiment, while also allowing significant speed ups in numerical simulations of noisy quantum circuit dynamics compared to time-dependent Hamiltonian simulation. Using this compressed noise model, we find good agreement between our theoretically predicted process fidelities and interleaved randomized benchmarking fidelities of 99.8% measured in recent experiments on silicon spin qubits. More broadly, our techniques have direct applications to realizing efficient and scalable tuning protocols for high-fidelity control of large-arrays of quantum devices with non-Markovian noise.

Citation

PRX Quantum

Volume

5

Issue

1

Pub Type

Journals

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DOI Link

Keywords

Quantum computing, quantum tomography, spin qubits

Citation

Gullans, M. , Caranti, M. , Mills, A. and Petta, J. (2023), Compressed gate characterization for quantum devices with time-correlated noise, PRX Quantum, [online], https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.010306 (Accessed April 28, 2024)