Wahlstrand, J.
, Zahedpour, S.
, Bahl, A.
, Kolesik, M.
and Milchberg, H.
(2018),
Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold, Physical Review Letters, [online], https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.183901
(Accessed October 28, 2025)
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Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold
Published
Author(s)
, Sina Zahedpour, Anand Bahl, Miroslav Kolesik, H M. Milchberg
Abstract
Although high field laser-induced ionization is a fundamental process at the root of many applications, there have been no absolute measurements of its transient rate. Such information is crucial, for example, for understanding the propagation of high intensity ultrashort pulses in matter. Here, we present absolute space- and time-resolved measurements of the ultrafast laser-driven ionization in argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen up to an ionization fraction of about 1%. These accurate measurements of the ionization rate directly enable determination of the non-perturbative bound electron nonlinearity well beyond the ionization threshold, where it is found to be approximately linear in intensity through >100 TW/cm2.Citation
Physical Review Letters
Volume
120
Pub Type
Journals
Download Paper
Keywords
field ionization, spectral interferometry, atomic physics, ultrafast optics
Citation
Issues
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Created May 2, 2018, Updated November 10, 2018