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Analysis of Egress From the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

Published

Author(s)

Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill, Erica D. Kuligowski

Abstract

This paper provides an analysis of the evacuation of the World Trade Center towers culled from telephone and face-to-face interviews with survivors. A decedent analysis explores where occupants were located when each tower was attacked. Multiple regression models were built to explore the sources of evacuation initiation delay (why people did not immediately start to leave the building), as well as stairwell evacuation time (how long the average occupant spent in the stairwells per floor). Issues identified as contributing to either slowing or aiding the evacuation process were explored.
Citation
Journal of Fire Protection Engineering
Volume
49

Keywords

building fires, egress, egress modeling, emergency communication, evacuation, human behavior, interviews, World Trade Center

Citation

Peacock, R. , Averill, J. and Kuligowski, E. (2013), Analysis of Egress From the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001, Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, [online], https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-012-0260-2 (Accessed March 19, 2024)
Created January 31, 2013, Updated November 10, 2018