Standard Photoacoustic Spectrometer: Model and Validation using O2 A-Band Spectra

Published

June 30, 2010

Author(s)

Keith A. Gillis, Daniel K. Havey, Joseph T. Hodges

Abstract

We model and measure the absolute response of an intensity-modulated photoacoustic spectrometer comprising a 10 cm long resonator and having a Q-factor of approximately 30. We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the system and predict its response as a function of gas properties, resonance frequency, and sample energy transfer relaxation rates. We use a low-power continuous wave laser to probe O₂ A-band absorption transitions using atmospheric, humidified air as the sample gas to calibrate the system. This approach provides a convenient and well-characterized method for calibrating the absolute response of the system provided that water-vapor-mediated relaxation effects are properly taken into account. We show that for photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) of the O₂ A-band, the maximum conversion efficiency of absorbed photon energy to acoustic energy is approximately 40% and is limited by finite collision-induced relaxation rates between the two lowest-lying excited electronic states of O₂. The technique also shows great potential for high-resolution line shape measurements. We directly compare calculated and experimental values for the PAS system response and show that they differ by about 1%.

Citation

Review of Scientific Instruments

Volume

81

Pub Type

Journals

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Keywords

A-band, aerosol, calibration, line shape, molecular relaxation, oxygen, photoacoustic spectrometry, water

Citation

Gillis, K. , Havey, D. and Hodges, J. (2010), Standard Photoacoustic Spectrometer: Model and Validation using O2 A-Band Spectra, Review of Scientific Instruments, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=904841 (Accessed April 18, 2024)