U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications by:

Search Title, Abstract, Conference, Citation, Keyword or Author
Displaying 176 - 200 of 329

Microwave SQUID multiplexers for low-temperature detectors

January 10, 2006
Author(s)
Kent D. Irwin, James A. Beall, W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, William Duncan, Gene C. Hilton, John Mates, Carl D. Reintsema, Dan Schmidt, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Barry L. Zink, Konrad Lehnert
We report on the development of a SQUID multiplexer operated at microwave frequencies. This multiplexer can accommodate any detector that can be read out with SQUIDs, including transition-edge sensors, magnetic calorimeters, and superconductor-insulator

Toward kilopixel arrays: 3.8 eV microcalorimeter resolution in 8-channel SQUIDmultiplexer

January 10, 2006
Author(s)
W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, James A. Beall, William Duncan, S. L. Ferreira, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Yizi Xu
Over the past several years, NIST has developed a SQUID time-division multiplexer (TDM) to read out large arrays of transition-edge sensors (TESs). The NIST TDM architecture has been successful in a number of submillimeterand millimeter-wave applications

Development of a solid-state 100 mK refrigerator for user-supplied microelectronics

January 4, 2006
Author(s)
Nathan A. Tomlin, William Duncan, James A. Beall, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Dan Schmidt, Joel Ullom
Solid-state refrigerators based on normal metal/insulator/superconductor tunnel junctions are now a practical means of cooling from pumped 3He bath temperatures to near 100 mK. While integration of NIS refrigerators with transition-edge sensors is underway

Fabrication of Prototype Imaging Arrays for SCUBA-2

January 4, 2006
Author(s)
Gene C. Hilton, James A. Beall, W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, William Duncan, S. L. Ferreira, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Yizi Xu, Barry L. Zink, William Parkes, Andrew S. Bunting, Camilla Dunare, Alan Gundlach, T. Stevenson, Anthony Walton, Eric Schulte, Elizabeth Corrales, Joseph P. Sienicki, Dan Bintley, Peter Ade, Rashmi Sudiwala, Adam L. Woodcraft, Mark Halpern, Wayne Holland, Damian Audley, Michael MacIntosh
Prototype imaging sub-arrays for SCUBA-2 (the Sub-millimeter Common-User Bolometer Array) have been fabricated and tested. The pixel count (1280) of these wafer-scale imagers are significantly larger than any other low-temperature detectors produced to

Optimized Transition-Edge X-ray Microcalorimeter with 2.4 eV Energy Resolution at 5.9 keV

November 1, 2005
Author(s)
Joel Ullom, James A. Beall, W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, William Duncan, S. L. Ferreira, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Leila R. Vale
We present measurements from a series of transition- edge x-ray microcalorimeters designed for optimal energy resolution. We used the geometry of the sensors to control their heat capacity and employed additional normal metal features and a perpendicular

Electron Probe Microanalysis with Cryogenic Detectors

July 9, 2005
Author(s)
Dale E. Newbury, Kent D. Irwin, Gene C. Hilton, David A. Wollman, John A. Small, John M. Martinis
Electron probe x-ray microanalysis is based upon the use of a focused, high current density electron beam, 5 keV to 30 keV in energy, to excite characteristic x-rays from a picogram mass of a solid target. X-ray spectral measurements are currently

Measurements & modeling of phonon cooling by electron-tunneling refrigerators

June 1, 2005
Author(s)
Nathan A. Tomlin, A. M. Clark, Anthony Williams, Steve Ruggiero, Gene C. Hilton, James A. Beall, Kent D. Irwin, Leila R. Vale, Joel Ullom
We demonstrate cooling of the electrons and phonons of a silicon nitride Si-N membrane by solid-state refrigerators based on Normal-metal/Insulator/Superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. We report a temperature reduction of the Si-N membrane from 260 mK to

Electron Probe Microanalysis

January 1, 2005
Author(s)
Dale Newbury, Kent D. Irwin, Gene C. Hilton, David A. Wollman, John A. Small, John M. Martinis

Time-division multiplexing of high-resolution TES X-ray microcalotimeters: Four pixels and beyond

November 15, 2004
Author(s)
W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, James A. Beall, Steven Deiker, William Duncan, S. L. Ferreira, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Yizi Xu
We present experimental results from a four-pixel array of transition-edge-sensor, x-ray microcalorimeters read out through a single amplifier channel via a time-division superconducting quantum interference device multiplexer. We map the dependence of the

Superconducting transition edge sensor using dilute AlMn alloys

July 6, 2004
Author(s)
Steven Deiker, William B. Doriese, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, William H. Rippard, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Steve T. Ruggiero, Anthony Williams, B. Young
We have fabricated a bolometer using a transition-edge sensor (TES) made of Al doped with Mn to suppress the superconducting critical temperature !Tc" of Al from #1 K to #100 mK. The resulting detector exhibits low-frequency noise consistent with theory

Characterization and Reduction of Unexplained Noise in Superconducting Transition-Edge Sensors

May 7, 2004
Author(s)
Joel N. Ullom, William B. Doriese, Gene C. Hilton, James A. Beall, Steven Deiker, William Duncan, S. L. Ferreira, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Leila R. Vale
The noise in superconducting Transition-Edge Sensors (TESs) commonly exceeds simple theoretical predictions. The reason for this discrepancy is presently unexplained. We have measured the amplitude and frequency dependence of the noise in TES sensors with

Robust infrared filters for x-ray spectroscopy

March 11, 2004
Author(s)
Nathan A. Tomlin, Joel Ullom, James A. Beall, Gene C. Hilton, Steven Deiker, W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, Kent D. Irwin, Carl D. Reintsema, Leila R. Vale, Yizi Xu
One challenge to using cryogenic detectors for x-ray spectroscopy on a scanning electron microscope is the implementation of infrared blocking filters. In order to achieve high x-ray transmission, these filters can be as thin as 250 nm and consequently are