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Displaying 29701 - 29725 of 74030

Diffusive and convective mass transfer in two-phase flow in microchannels

August 3, 2008
Author(s)
Steven D. Hudson, Jai A. Pathak, Jeffrey D. Martin
The kinetics of mass transfer from one phase to another is monitored in flow. The time-dependent interfacial tension between water and oil (determined from drop deformation dynamics in situ) serves as a measure of the butanol concentration within the drop

A Collection of Homes to Represent the U.S. Housing Stock

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Amy Musser, Dennis D. Leber
In order to allow nationwide analysis of ventilation and indoor air quality issues in residential buildings, a set of homes has been defined to represent the housing stock of the United States. This collection of dwellings is based on two residential

Architectural Considerations for Mapping Distribution Protocols

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Kotikalapudi Sriram, Young-Tak Kim, Douglas C. Montgomery
In this paper, we present a discussion of some architectural ideas pertaining to the mapping distribution protocol. The efficiency of this protocol in terms of response time and the volume of traffic load it generates are important considerations. We

Attenuation of Radio Wave Signals Coupled Into Twelve Large Building Structures

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Christopher L. Holloway, William F. Young, Galen H. Koepke, Catherine A. Remley, Dennis G. Camell, Yann Becquet
In this report, we investigate radio communication problems faced by emergency responders (firefighters, police and emergency medical personnel) in disaster situations. A fundamental challenge to communications into and out of large buildings is the strong

CTOA Results for X65 and X100 Pipeline Steels:Influence of Displacement Rate

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Roni Reuven, Christopher N. McCowan, Elizabeth S. Drexler, Avigdor Shtechman, Philippe P. Darcis, John M. Treinen, R. Smith, J. Merritt, Thomas A. Siewert, Joseph D. McColskey
The toughness and plasticity of steel generally decreases with increasing testing rate. The crack tip opening angle (CTOA) was measured on two types of commercial pipeline steels, API-X65 and API-X100 at a range of displacement rates to characterize rate

Design and Performance of the new NIST Hybrid Humidity Generator

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Christopher W. Meyer, W Wyatt Miller, Dean C. Ripple, Gregory E. Scace
A new humidity generator has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Once fully operational, the NIST Hybrid Humidity Generator (HHG) will replace the Two-Pressure (2-P) Humidity Generator Mark II as the NIST primary

Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of High-Performance Silicon Nanowire Transistors

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Qiliang Li, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Yang Yang, D. E. Ioannou, Hao Xiong, John S. Suehle, Curt A. Richter
We report the fabrication and characterization of double-gated Si nanowire field effect transistors with excellent current-voltage characteristics, low subthreshold slope 85 mV/dec and high on/off current ratio 10^6. The Si nanowire devices are fabricated

Dynamic Apparatus for the CTOA Measurement in Pipeline Steels

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Avigdor Shtechman, Christopher N. McCowan, Roni Reuven, Elizabeth S. Drexler, Philippe P. Darcis, John M. Treinen, R. Smith, J. Merritt, Thomas A. Siewert, Joseph D. McColskey
When a crack initiates and propagates in a pressurized pipe the only thing that might stop this high-velocity event is the release of internal pressure (decompression) resulting in a deceleration in the crack-propagation rate. This deceleration can be

Electromagnetic Airframe Penetration Measurements of a Beechcraft Premier IA

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Chriss A. Grosvenor, David R. Novotny, Dennis G. Camell, Galen H. Koepke, Robert Johnk
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has recently completed shielding effectiveness/penetration studies on three different aircraft types for the Federal Aviation Administration. The studies are used to understand the cavity coupling

Environmental Trends Affecting Electronics Manufacturing

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Eric D. Simmon, John V. Messina, Matthew L. Aronoff, Michael Cox
Companies that in the recent past were primarily concerned with satisfying environmental regulations are finding that environmental responsibility and environmental resource usage are of equal concern. Looking forward, manufacturers will be faced with the

Final Report on the Collapse of World Trade Center Building 7. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster (NIST NCSTAR 1A) ***DRAFT for Public Comments***

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Sivaraj Shyam-Sunder, Richard G. Gann, William L. Grosshandler, Hai S. Lew, Richard W. Bukowski, Fahim Sadek, Frank W. Gayle, Jason D. Averill, James R. Lawson, Harold E. Nelson, Stephen A. Cauffman
This is the final report on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center Building 7 (WTC 7), conducted under the National Construction Safety Team Act. This report describes how the fires

Flame Size, Heat Release, and Smoke Points in Materials Flammability

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, I P. Rafferty
The concept of using the flame size as a surrogate for heat release rate has been explored. A technique for simultaneously obtaining the heat release rate, flame size (height and area), and the smoke point of the flame solely from visual images has been

High-stability transfer of an optical frequency over long fiber-optic links

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Paul A. Williams, William C. Swann, Nathan R. Newbury
We present theoretical predictions and experimental measurements for the achievable phase noise, timing jitter, and frequency stability in the coherent transport of an optical frequency over a fiber-optic link. Both technical and fundamental limitations to

Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of Collagen Mineralization

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Ingrid E. Chesnick, Jeffrey T. Mason, Anthony A. Giuseppetti, Naomi Eidelman, Kimberlee Potter
A model mineralizing system was subjected to magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM), to investigate how water proton transverse (T2) relaxation times and magnetization transfer ratios (MTRs) can be applied to monitor collagen mineralization. In our model

Mean Recurrence Intervals of Failure Wind Loads

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Dat Duthinh, Joseph A. Main, Amelia P. Wright, Emil Simiu
The Commentary to the ASCE Standard 7-05 states that the nominal mean recurrence interval (MRI) of the wind speed inducing the design strength is about 500 years if the specified load factor is 1.5, as in early versions of ASCE 7, and somewhat higher than

Measurement Time and Statistics for a Noise Thermometer With a Synthetic-Noise Reference

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
David R. White, Samuel Benz, J Labenski, Sae Woo Nam, Jifeng Qu, H Rogalla, Weston L. Tew
This paper describes methods for reducing the statistical uncertainty in measurements made by noise thermometers using digital cross correlators, and in particular, for thermometers using pseudorandom noise for the reference signal. First, a discrete

Microwave Characterization of Semiconductors with a Split-Cylinder Cavity

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Billy F. Riddle, James R. Baker-Jarvis, Michael D. Janezic
In this paper we demonstrate the use of a split-cylinder cavity for characterizing semiconductors over a temperature range of 173 K (-100oC) to 373 K (+100oC) at microwave frequencies (9-30 GHz). Complex permittivity measurements of silicon (Si) and

Natural Gas Flow Calibration Service

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Aaron N. Johnson
This document describes NIST's high pressure natural gas flow calibration service (NGFCS). Flow calibrations are conducted offsite at the Colorado Experimental Engineering Station Incorporated (CEESI) in Garner, Iowa. A parallel array of nine turbine meter
Displaying 29701 - 29725 of 74030