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Fire

Fire modeling

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Displaying 226 - 250 of 276

CFD Modeling of Fire

January 11, 2012
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Randall J. McDermott, Glenn P. Forney, Jason E. Floyd, Simo A. Hostikka, Howard R. Baum
An overview of a methodology for simulating fires and other thermally-driven, low-speed flows is presented. The model employs a number of simplifications of the governing equations that allow for relatively fast simulations of practical fire scenarios. The

MEASUREMENTS OF EFFECTIVE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF HELIUM AND HYDROGEN THROUGH GYPSUM

September 14, 2011
Author(s)
Jiann Yang, William M. Pitts, Marco Fernandez, Kuldeep Prasad
An experimental apparatus, which was based on the ¿-scale garage previously used for studying helium release and dispersion in our laboratory, was used to obtain effective diffusion coefficients of helium and hydrogen (released as forming gas for safety

A Note on Visualizing Smoke and Fire

August 15, 2011
Author(s)
Glenn P. Forney
Realistic visualization methods are important for applications where one wishes to observe data effects rather than examine data quantitatively. This note documents how the radiation transport equation (RTE) and associated numerical algorithms are used by

A Simple Reaction Time Scale for Under-Resolved Fire Dynamics

June 20, 2011
Author(s)
Randall J. McDermott, Kevin B. McGrattan, Jason E. Floyd
A reaction time scale model is developed for use in the eddy dissipation concept (fast chemistry limit) closure of the mean chemical source term in large-eddy simulation of fires. The novel aspect of the model is to consider a scaling regime for coarse

CFD Simulations on Extinction of Co-Flow Diffusion Flames

June 19, 2011
Author(s)
Randall J. McDermott, Jukka Vaari, Jason E. Floyd
An improved flame extinguishing criterion is implemented to the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) for gaseous suppressants under the lumped species model with transport-limited combustion (infinitely fast chemistry). The criterion considers the total enthalpy

After the Alarm Sounds: How We Got Here, Where We Are, and Where We Should Go

April 1, 2011
Author(s)
Jason D. Averill, Erica D. Kuligowski, Richard D. Peacock
This article reviews the history of egress design and code requirements in the United States, describes the current state-of-the-art in egress design and modeling, and offers a strawman research agenda for future egress research.

Quantifying Model Error

February 11, 2011
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Blaza Toman
A methodology is proposed for reporting the results of fire model validation studies that consist mainly of comparisons of model predictions and experimental measurements. The difference between the two is a combination of model error and experimental

Discriminating Between Smoldering and Flaming Fires Using Alarm Signals

January 3, 2011
Author(s)
William D. Davis
Strategies are developed that make use of signals from smoke and heat alarms to deduce conditions in a room for both flaming and smoldering fires. The issue addressed is to determine how to provide useful information to incident command for smoldering
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