
ASMET USER INFORMATION 



1. INTRODUCTION

ASMET (Atria Smoke Management Engineering Tools) consists of a set
of equations and a zone fire model for analysis of smoke management
systems for large spaces such as atria, shopping malls, arcades,
sports arenas, exhibition halls and airplane hangers.  The program
is for personal computers with the DOS operating system and VGA
graphics.  ASMET was written by Charles Arnold in the Borland C++
language 

This disk contains the program executable and source files.  For
program documentation and a description of the input data, the user
should refer to NISTIR 5516 (Klote, J.H., Method of Predicting
Smoke Movement in Atria With Application to Smoke Management,
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
20899).  NISTIR 5516 is available from the National Technical
Information Service in Springfield, VA.  The NISTIR is also
contained in file ATRIA.WPF in Wordperfect 5.1 format.


2. CONTENTS OF DISK

ASETB.CPP        Source code for ASET-C model.
ASMET.CPP        Source code for ASMET.    
ASMET.EXE        ASMET executable.
ATRIA.WPF        NISTIR 5516 in Wordperfect 5.1 format.
DISKXXX.TXT      ASMET Information File.
KEYBRD.CPP       Source code for keyboard I/O handler.
KEYBRD.H         Header file containing keyboard I/O definitions.
MICE_H.LIB       Library containing mouse handler object.
MSMOUSE.H        Header file containing mouse handler definitions.
USERINFO.TXT     General User Information.


3. RUNNING ASMET

When ASMET is in the active directory, the program is activated by
typing ASMET followed by pressing the <Enter> key.  When the
program starts, the main menu appears on the screen as shown below
in table 1.



Table 1.   Main menu screen of ASMET

         ASMET: Atria Smoke Management Engineering Tools

                           Menu

            Steady Filling Equation (Solve for z)
            Steady Filling Equation (Solve for t)
            Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for z)
            Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for t)
            Simple Plume Equation
            Plume With Virtual Origin Correction
            Plume Centerline Temperature
            ASET-C (C language version of ASET-B)
            Input units (SI or English): SI
            Quit



Items from the menu are selected by pressing bold face characters
that appear on the menu.  Because these bold characters can not be
shown in table 1, they are listed below:

   S for            Steady Filling Equation (Solve for z),
   t for            Steady Filling Equation (Solve for t),
   U for            Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for z),
   n for            Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for t),
   P for            Simple Plume Equation,
   V for            Plume With Virtual Origin Correction,
   C for            Plume Centerline Temperature,
   A for            ASET-C (C language version of ASET-B),
   I or E for       Input units (SI or English): SI, and
   Q for            Quit.


The first time the program is run, it starts in SI units, and the
user can change units by pressing E for English units or I for SI
units.  The program stores a unit indicator in file UNITS so that
it will start up with the unit selection from that last time the
program was run.  

The first menu item is selected by pressing S, and the screen for
this menu is shown in table 2.  There are two ways to enter data
from this menu.  The first is by pressing the key that is in bold
for that menu item.  The second is by moving the indicator at the
right of the menu item with the up and down arrows.  This indicator
is next to the first menu item (ceiling height above fire) in table
2.  Once an item has been selected, the number for that item is
entered followed by <Enter>.  Table 3 shows the screen after data
has been entered.  

The data displayed on the screen can be sent to the printer by
pressing P, and pressing D returns to user to the main menu.  To
send results to a file, press f and enter the file name.  Use of
the other items in the main menu is similar to that discussed
above, except for ASET-C.  ASET-C is a C language version of the
ASET-B program, and it was included as a simple example of a zone
fire model.  ASET-C is described in appendix E of NISTIR 5516.



Table 2.   Screen for steady filling equation (solve for z)


                        Steady smoke filling

    Height of smoke layer during atrium filling from a steady fire

     ceiling height above fire       H (m):       
     cross-sectional area of atrium  A (m^2):
     heat release rate of fire       Q (kW):
     time                            t (s):
     Print results (to LPT1)
     Print results to file disabled
     Done (return to main menu)




Table 3.   Screen for steady filling equation after data is entered


                        Steady smoke filling

  Height of smoke layer during atrium filling from a steady fire

     ceiling height above fire       H (m):       80.00
     cross-sectional area of atrium  A (m^2):  20000.00
     heat release rate of fire       Q (kW):   10000.00
     time                            t (s):     1200.00  
     Print results (to LPT1)
     Print results to file disabled
     Done (return to main menu)


  Height of smoke layer above fire, z, is     17.6 m  or    57.8 ft



4. EXAMPLE ASMET OUTPUT


4.1 Example Output in SI Units


 
                     Steady Filling Equation (Solve for z) 
 
           Height of smoke layer during atrium filling from a
steady fire 
 
 
 ceiling height above fire       H (m):      30.00 
 cross-sectional area of atrium  A (m^2):  5000.00 
 heat release rate of fire       Q (kW):   5000.00 
 time                            t (s):     200.00 
 
 Height of smoke layer above fire, z is    17.4 m or    57.2 ft 
 
 

-------------------------------------------------------------- 

  
                      Steady Filling Equation (Solve for t) 
 
                       Atrium filling time for steady fire 
 
 
      ceiling height above fire        H (m):      40.00 
      cross-sectional area of atrium   A (m^2): 10000.00 
      heat release rate of fire        Q (kW):   5000.00 
      height of smoke layer above fire z (m):       8.00 
 
 Filling time is    1290 seconds or    21.5 min. 
  

-------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
  
                     Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for z) 
 
                      Atrium filling time for unsteady fire 
 
 
     ceiling height above fire       H (m):         30.00 
     cross-sectional area of atrium  A (m^2):     8000.00 
     fire growth constant (Menu)     a (kW/s^2):  0.04689 
     time                            t (s):        800.00 
 
 At     800 seconds, the fire is     30010 kW or     28445 Btu/s. 
 
 Height of smoke layer above fire, z is    10.7 m or    35.0 ft 
 



-------------------------------------------------------------- 



                     Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for t) 
 
                      Atrium filling time for unsteady fire 
 
 
      ceiling height above fire        H (m):         50.00 
      cross-sectional area of atrium   A (m^2):    12000.00 
      fire growth constant (Menu)      a (kW/s^2):  0.04689 
      height of smoke layer above fire z (m)          10.00 
 
 Filling time is    1237 seconds or    20.6 min. 
   At this time, the fire is     71754 kW or     68014 Btu/s. 
 


-------------------------------------------------------------- 
 

  
                            Simple plume equation 
 
                  mass flow and temperature rise of an plume 
 
                    without correction for virtual origin 
 
 
      Elevation                  z  (m):     50.00 
      Heat release rate of fire  Q  (kW): 25000.00 
      Ambient temperature        Ta (C):     21.00 
 
 At elevation z, the plume has: 
   Mass flow of               1282.4 kg/s      2827.2 lb/s 
   Volumetric flow of         1117.2 m^3/s    2367016 cfm 
   Average temperature of         35  C            94  F 
   Mean flame height of          8.3 m           27.1 ft 



-------------------------------------------------------------- 
   
  
                      Plume With Virtual Origin Correction 
 
                  Mass flow rate and average plume temperature 
 
 
      Elevation                  z  (m):     50.00 
      Heat release rate of fire  Q  (kW): 25000.00 
      fire diameter              Df (m):      4.00 
      Ambient temperature        Ta (C):     21.00 
 
 At elevation z, the plume has: 
   Mass flow of               1254.7 kg/s      2766.1 lb/s 
   Volumetric flow of         1094.2 m^3/s    2318122 cfm 
   Average temperature of         35  C            95  F 
   Virtual origin at             0.7 m            2.3 ft 
   Mean flame height of          9.4 m           30.9 ft 



-------------------------------------------------------------- 


                         Plume Centerline Temperature 
 
                     calculate centerline plume temperature 
 
 
 Elevation                              z  (m):     50.00 
 Heat release rate of fire              Q  (kW): 25000.00 
 fire diameter                          Df (m):      4.00 
 Convective fraction of heat release (0.6 to 1):     0.70 
 Ambient temperature                    Ta (C):     21.00 
 
 At elevation z, the plume has: 
 Centerline temperature         46 C          115  F 
 Virtual origin at             0.7 m          2.3 ft 
 Mean flame height of          9.4 m         30.9 ft 



-------------------------------------------------------------- 
   

4.2 Example Output in English Units


 
                     Steady Filling Equation (Solve for z) 
 
           Height of smoke layer during atrium filling from a
steady fire 
 
 
 ceiling height above fire       H (ft):       98.40 
 cross-sectional area of atrium  A (ft^2):  53800.00 
 heat release rate of fire       Q (Btu/s):  4740.00 
 time                            t (s):       200.00 
 
 Height of smoke layer above fire, z is    17.4 m or    57.2 ft 
 

-------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
                      Steady Filling Equation (Solve for t) 
 
                       Atrium filling time for steady fire 
 
 
      ceiling height above fire        H (ft):      131.00 
      cross-sectional area of atrium   A (ft^2): 107000.00 
      heat release rate of fire        Q (Btu/s):  4740.00 
      height of smoke layer above fire z (ft):       26.20 
 
 Filling time is    1283 seconds or    21.4 min. 


-------------------------------------------------------------- 


 
                     Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for z) 
 
                      Atrium filling time for unsteady fire 
 
 
     ceiling height above fire       H (ft):         98.40 
     cross-sectional area of atrium  A (ft^2):    86100.00 
     fire growth constant (Menu)     a (Btu/s^2):  0.04444
     time                            t (s):         800.00 
 
 At     800 seconds, the fire is     30006 kW or     28442 Btu/s. 
 
 Height of smoke layer above fire, z is    10.7 m or    35.0 ft 



-------------------------------------------------------------- 


  
                     Unsteady Filling Equation (Solve for t) 
 
                      Atrium filling time for unsteady fire 
 
 
      ceiling height above fire        H (ft):        164.00 
      cross-sectional area of atrium   A (ft^2):   129000.00 
      fire growth constant (Menu)      a (Btu/s^2):  0.04444 
      height of smoke layer above fire z (ft)          32.80 
 
 Filling time is    1236 seconds or    20.6 min. 
   At this time, the fire is     71650 kW or     67914 Btu/s. 
 

-------------------------------------------------------------- 
  

                            Simple plume equation 
 
                  mass flow and temperature rise of an plume 
 
                    without correction for virtual origin 
 
 
      Elevation                  z  (ft):      164.00 
      Heat release rate of fire  Q  (Btu/s): 23700.00 
      Ambient temperature        Ta (F):        70.00 
 
 At elevation z, the plume has: 
   Mass flow of               1281.9 kg/s      2826.2 lb/s 
   Volumetric flow of         1117.2 m^3/s    2367054 cfm 
   Average temperature of         35  C            94  F 
   Mean flame height of          8.3 m           27.1 ft 
 


-------------------------------------------------------------- 


  
                      Plume With Virtual Origin Correction 
 
                  Mass flow rate and average plume temperature 
 
 
      Elevation                  z  (ft):      164.00 
      Heat release rate of fire  Q  (Btu/s): 23700.00 
      fire diameter              Df (ft):       13.10 
      Ambient temperature        Ta (F):        70.00 
 
 At elevation z, the plume has: 
   Mass flow of               1253.9 kg/s      2764.4 lb/s 
   Volumetric flow of         1093.9 m^3/s    2317599 cfm 
   Average temperature of         35  C            95  F 
   Virtual origin at             0.7 m            2.3 ft 
   Mean flame height of          9.4 m           30.9 ft 
 

-------------------------------------------------------------- 

  
                          Plume Centerline Temperature 
 
                     calculate centerline plume temperature 
 
 
 Elevation                              z  (ft):      164.00 
 Heat release rate of fire              Q  (Btu/s): 23700.00 
 fire diameter                          Df (ft):       13.10 
 Convective fraction of heat release (0.6 to 1):        0.70 
 Ambient temperature                    Ta (F):        70.00 
 
 At elevation z, the plume has: 
 Centerline temperature         46 C          116  F 
 Virtual origin at             0.7 m          2.3 ft 
 Mean flame height of          9.4 m         30.9 ft 



-------------------------------------------------------------- 
SAMPLE ASET-C RUN (SI Units)

 
 HEAT LOSS FRACTION =     0.80 
 FIRE HEIGHT =     0.00 m 
 ROOM HEIGHT =     3.00 m 
 ROOM AREA   =    20.00 sq m 
 fire growth constant (kW/s^2 ): 0.046890 
 
     TIME      TEMP      TEMP     LAYER     LAYER     FIRE      FIRE 
      sec        C         F        m         ft       kW       Btu/s 
      0.0      21.2      70.2       3.0       9.8       0.1       0.1 
      5.0      21.5      70.6       2.9       9.6       1.2       1.1 
     10.0      21.9      71.5       2.8       9.2       4.7       4.4 
     15.0      22.6      72.6       2.7       8.8      10.6      10.0 
     20.0      23.3      74.0       2.5       8.2      18.8      17.8 
     25.0      24.3      75.7       2.3       7.6      29.3      27.8 
     30.0      25.4      77.8       2.2       7.1      42.2      40.0 
     35.0      26.8      80.2       2.0       6.5      57.4      54.5 
     40.0      28.4      83.1       1.8       5.9      75.0      71.2 
     45.0      30.3      86.6       1.6       5.4      95.0      90.1 
     50.0      32.5      90.5       1.5       4.9     117.2     111.2 
     55.0      35.1      95.2       1.3       4.4     141.8     134.5 
     60.0      38.1     100.5       1.2       4.0     168.8     160.1 
     65.0      41.5     106.6       1.1       3.6     198.1     187.9 
     70.0      45.3     113.6       1.0       3.2     229.8     217.9 
     75.0      49.8     121.6       0.9       2.8     263.8     250.2 
     80.0      54.8     130.6       0.8       2.5     300.1     284.6 
     85.0      60.5     140.8       0.7       2.2     338.8     321.3 
     90.0      66.9     152.4       0.6       1.8     379.8     360.2 
     95.0      74.1     165.3       0.5       1.5     423.2     401.4 
    100.0      82.1     179.9       0.4       1.2     468.9     444.8 
    105.0      91.2     196.1       0.3       1.0     517.0     490.3 
    110.0     101.3     214.3       0.2       0.7     567.4     538.1 
    115.0     112.5     234.4       0.1       0.4     620.1     588.2 
    120.0     124.8     256.7       0.0       0.1     675.2     640.4 
    125.0     138.5     281.3       0.0       0.0     732.7     694.9 
    130.0     153.8     308.8       0.0       0.0     792.4     751.6 
    135.0     171.0     339.8       0.0       0.0     854.6     810.6 
    140.0     190.3     374.5       0.0       0.0     919.0     871.7 
    145.0     211.9     413.4       0.0       0.0     985.9     935.1 
    150.0     236.2     457.1       0.0       0.0    1055.0    1000.7 
    155.0     263.5     506.3       0.0       0.0    1126.5    1068.5 
    160.0     294.3     561.7       0.0       0.0    1200.4    1138.6 
    165.0     329.0     624.1       0.0       0.0    1276.6    1210.8 
    170.0     368.1     694.6       0.0       0.0    1355.1    1285.3 
    175.0     412.5     774.4       0.0       0.0    1436.0    1362.1 
    180.0     462.7     864.9       0.0       0.0    1519.2    1441.0 


-------------------------------------------------------------- 
SAMPLE ASET-C RUN (English Units)
 

 HEAT LOSS FRACTION =     0.80 
 FIRE HEIGHT =     1.00 ft  
 ROOM HEIGHT =     9.00 ft 
 ROOM AREA   =   225.00 sq ft  
  
Fire curve input manually 
 TIME (sec), HEAT RELEASE RATE (kW):       20,      40
 TIME (sec), HEAT RELEASE RATE (kW):      100,     200 
 TIME (sec), HEAT RELEASE RATE (kW):      180,     500 
 TIME (sec), HEAT RELEASE RATE (kW):       -9,      -9 
 
     TIME      TEMP      TEMP     LAYER     LAYER     FIRE      FIRE 
      sec        C         F        m         ft       kW       Btu/s 
      0.0      21.3      70.3       2.7       9.0       0.1       0.1 
      5.0      23.4      74.2       2.7       8.7      10.1       9.6 
     10.0      24.9      76.7       2.5       8.3      20.1      19.0 
     15.0      26.3      79.3       2.4       7.8      30.0      28.5 
     20.0      27.7      81.8       2.2       7.3      40.0      37.9 
     25.0      29.2      84.6       2.1       6.9      50.0      47.4 
     30.0      30.8      87.5       2.0       6.5      60.0      56.9 
     35.0      32.6      90.6       1.8       6.0      70.0      66.4 
     40.0      34.4      93.9       1.7       5.7      80.0      75.9 
     45.0      36.4      97.5       1.6       5.3      90.0      85.4 
     50.0      38.6     101.4       1.5       5.0     100.0      94.8 
     55.0      40.9     105.6       1.4       4.7     110.0     104.3 
     60.0      43.3     110.0       1.3       4.4     120.0     113.8 
     65.0      46.0     114.7       1.2       4.1     130.0     123.3 
     70.0      48.8     119.8       1.2       3.9     140.0     132.8 
     75.0      51.8     125.2       1.1       3.6     150.0     142.3 
     80.0      55.0     130.9       1.0       3.4     160.0     151.8 
     85.0      58.3     137.0       1.0       3.2     170.0     161.2 
     90.0      61.9     143.5       0.9       3.0     180.0     170.7 
     95.0      65.8     150.4       0.9       2.8     190.0     180.2 
    100.0      69.8     157.6       0.8       2.6     200.0     189.7 
    105.0      74.2     165.5       0.8       2.5     218.8     207.5 
    110.0      79.0     174.2       0.7       2.3     237.5     225.3 
    115.0      84.3     183.7       0.7       2.1     256.2     243.1 
    120.0      90.0     194.0       0.6       2.0     275.0     260.8 
    125.0      96.2     205.1       0.6       1.8     293.8     278.6 
    130.0     102.9     217.2       0.5       1.7     312.5     296.4 
    135.0     110.1     230.1       0.5       1.5     331.2     314.2 
    140.0     117.7     243.9       0.4       1.3     350.0     332.0 
    145.0     125.9     258.7       0.4       1.2     368.8     349.8 
    150.0     134.6     274.3       0.3       1.0     387.5     367.5 
    155.0     143.7     290.7       0.2       0.8     406.2     385.3 
    160.0     153.3     307.9       0.2       0.6     425.0     403.1 
    165.0     163.3     325.9       0.1       0.4     443.8     420.9 
    170.0     173.7     344.6       0.1       0.2     462.5     438.7 
    175.0     184.5     364.2       0.0       0.0     481.2     456.5 
    180.0     195.9     384.7       0.0       0.0     500.0     474.2 

(Correction on pages 64 and 65 of NISTIR 5516:  the heat release rates 
should be as they are in this example.)
